Gilligan's Island | |
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Opening title for Gilligan's Island's first season (1964 – 65) |
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Format | Sitcom |
Created by | Sherwood Schwartz |
Starring | Bob Denver Alan Hale, Jr. Jim Backus Natalie Schafer Tina Louise Russell Johnson Dawn Wells |
Opening theme | "The Ballad of Gilligan's Isle" |
Country of origin | United States |
No. of seasons | 3 |
No. of episodes | 98 (List of episodes) |
Production | |
Camera setup | Single-camera |
Running time | 25 minutes |
Production company(s) | Gladysya Productions United Artists Television CBS Productions |
Distributor | Turner Entertainment (via Warner Bros. Television Distribution) |
Broadcast | |
Original channel | CBS |
Picture format | Black-and-white (1964–1965) Color (1965–1967) |
Audio format | Monaural |
Original run | September 26, 1964 | – September 4, 1967
Gilligan's Island is an American television series created and produced by Sherwood Schwartz and originally produced by United Artists Television. The situation comedy series featured Bob Denver; Alan Hale, Jr.; Jim Backus; Natalie Schafer; Tina Louise; Russell Johnson; and Dawn Wells. It aired for three seasons on the CBS network from September 26, 1964, to September 4, 1967. Originally sponsored by Philip Morris & Company and Procter & Gamble, the show followed the comic adventures of seven castaways as they attempted to survive and ultimately escape from the island on which they had been shipwrecked, their escape plans inevitably failing for various reasons.
Gilligan's Island ran for a total of 98 episodes. The first season, consisting of 36 episodes, was filmed in black and white. These episodes were later colorized for syndication. The show's second and third seasons (62 episodes) and the three television movie sequels were filmed in color.
Enjoying solid ratings during its original run, the show grew in popularity during decades of syndication, especially in the 1970s and '80s when many markets ran the show in the late afternoon after school. Today, the title character of Gilligan is widely recognized as an American cultural icon.
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The two-man crew of the charter boat S. S. Minnow and five passengers on a "three-hour tour" from Honolulu run into a tropical storm and are shipwrecked on an uncharted island somewhere in the Pacific Ocean.[1] The island was close enough to Hawaii to clearly pick up Hawaiian AM radio transmissions on their portable receiver. Executive producer Sherwood Schwartz believed in avoiding exposition, so he composed the sea shanty-style theme song, "The Ballad of Gilligan's Isle", as a capsule summary of the castaways' predicament. This was done so that first-time viewers would instantly understand the premise. He took the same approach with the themes to The Brady Bunch and It's About Time.
The pilot episode was never broadcast in 1964 before the actual series as the series had incorporated three significant character and casting changes.
The following four of the original seven pilot characters were identical to those of the series (including the actor/actress cast for each role): Gilligan, the Captain, and the two Howells.
Three of the remaining original pilot characters differed from those of the series (including the actor/actress cast): In the pilot, the Professor was instead a high school teacher played by John Gabriel; Ginger the movie star was instead Ginger, a practical secretary with red hair, played by Kit Smythe; and Mary Ann the Kansas farm-girl was instead Bunny, a stereotypically cheerful "dumb blonde" secretary, played by Nancy McCarthy.
The pilot's opening and ending theme songs, two similar Calypso-styled tracks written by Johnny Williams with differing lyrics, were quite different from those of the actual series. The short scenes during the opening theme song (which is longer than the series opening theme song) include Gilligan taking the Howells' luggage to the boat before cast-off and Gilligan attempting to give a cup of coffee to the Skipper during the storm that would ultimately maroon the boat.
After the opening theme song and opening credits end, the pilot proper begins with the seven castaways waking up on the beached SS Minnow and continues with them performing various tasks including exploring the island, attempting to fix the transmitter, building huts, and finding food. Contrary to some descriptions, no detailed accounts of the pilot characters' backgrounds were written into the pilot storylines. The pilot then ends with the ending theme song and ending credits.
Lastly, the background music and even the laugh tracks of the pilot appear all but identical to those used during the series.
The first episode actually broadcast, "Two on a Raft", is sometimes wrongly referred to as the series pilot. This episode begins with the same scene of Gilligan and the Skipper awakening on the boat as in the pilot (cut slightly differently to eliminate most shots of the departed actors) and continues with the characters sitting on the beach listening to a radio news report about their disappearance. There is no equivalent scene or background information in the pilot, except for the description of the passengers in the original theme song. Rather than re-shooting the rest of the pilot story for broadcast, the show just proceeded on. The plot thus skips over the topics of the pilot; the bulk of the episode tells of Gilligan and the Skipper setting off on a raft to try to bring help but unknowingly landing back on the other side of the same island.
The scene with the radio report is one of two scenes that reveal the names of the Skipper (Jonas Grumby) and the Professor (Roy Hinkley); the names are used in a similar radio report early in the series. The name Jonas Grumby appears nowhere else in the series except for an episode in which the Maritime Board of Review blames the Skipper for the loss of the ship. The name Roy Hinkley is used one other time when Mr. Howell introduces the Professor as Roy Huntley and the professor corrects him, to which Mr. Howell replies, "Brinkley, Brinkley."
The plot for the pilot episode would eventually be recycled into that season's Christmas episode, "Birds Gotta Fly, Fish Gotta Talk", in which the story of the pilot episode, concerning the practical problems on landing, is related through a series of flashbacks. Footage featuring characters that had been recast was reshot using the current actors. For scenes including only Denver, Hale, Backus, and Schafer the original footage was reused.
The last episode of the show, "Gilligan the Goddess", aired on April 17, 1967, and ended just like the rest, with the castaways still stranded on the island. It was not known at the time that it was the last episode, as a fourth season was expected but then cancelled.[5]
In its last year Gilligan's Island was the lead-in program for the CBS Monday night schedule. It was followed for the first sixteen weeks by the sitcom Run, Buddy, Run. The time slot from 7:30 to 8:30 Eastern was filled in the 1967–1968 season by Gunsmoke, moved from its traditional Saturday 10 pm time slot.
The shipwrecked castaways want to leave the remote island, and various opportunities present themselves. They typically fail owing to some bumbling error committed by Gilligan (with the exception of "The Big Gold Strike", where everyone except Gilligan is responsible for their failed escape). Sometimes this would result in his saving the others from some unforeseen flaw in their plan.
Recurring elements center on one of four primary themes. The first deals with life on the island. A running gag is the castaways' ability to fashion a vast array of useful objects from bamboo and other local material. Some are simple everyday things, while others are stretches of the imagination. Russell Johnson noted in his autobiography that the production crew enjoyed the challenge of building these props. Some bamboo items include framed huts with thatched grass sides and roofs, along with bamboo closets strong enough to withstand hurricane-force winds and rain; the communal dining table and chairs, pipes for Gilligan's hot water, a stethoscope, and a pedal-powered car. Naturally, despite their obvious skill and inventiveness, the castaways never quite manage to put together a functional raft out of bamboo (or repair the hole in their original ship), although in the television movie Rescue from Gilligan's Island they do end up tying their 3 huts together and using that as a raft for escape.
The second theme involves visitors to the "uncharted" island. One challenge to a viewer's suspension of disbelief is the frequency with which the castaways are visited by people who do nothing to assist them. Some have hidden motives for not assisting the castaways. Others are simply unable to help, incompetent, or are prevented from sending messages by Gilligan. Bob Denver, Jim Backus, and Tina Louise each had feature episodes in which look-alikes come to the island (who were, of course, played by themselves in dual roles). The island itself is also home to an unusual assortment of animal life, some native, some visiting.
The third recurring theme is the use of dream sequences in which one of the castaways "dreams" he or she is some character related to that week's storyline. All of the castaways would appear as other characters within the dream. In later interviews and memoirs, almost all of the actors stated that the dream episodes were among their personal favorites.
The fourth recurring theme is a piece of news arriving from the outside world that causes discord among the castaways; then a second piece of news arrives that states the first was incorrect.
The unnamed island is not intended to depict a particular real island. The island used in the long shots of the series opening and closing sequences is Coconut Island, located in Kāne'ohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii. Variously, the island has caves, a volcano (in episode "Operation: Steam Heat"), a gold mine (in episode "The Big Gold Strike") and even a snow-capped mountain ("Man With a Net"). The lagoon, which was a small pond on the backlot of the CBS Television Studios in Studio City, is a regular feature. (The water in the lagoon was so cold that scenes that called for the actors to go swimming in it forced them to wear wetsuits under their costumes.)
It is home to a number of fictitious plants and animals, such as the wasubi berry (in episode "Agonized Labor") and the mantis khani (in episode "Gilligan Gets Bugged"). Some, such as a chimpanzee and a gorilla, are African and therefore out of place in the North Pacific.
During the original run, the castaways only leave the island one time. In the second season episode "The Friendly Physician," a mad scientist takes them to his castle located on another island to perform mind experiments.
In Rescue from Gilligan's Island it is stated that the island was a base of operations for the Army Air Corps during the Second World War. The episode "X Marks the Spot" mentions a location near , which puts it about 1,200 miles (1,900 km) southeast of Hawaii, where the castaways' cruise began. The nearest real life chain of islands to this would be the Marquesas Islands. In the first season episode "Big Man on Little Stick" as the Professor is helping surfer Duke Williams with provisions before his trip back to Hawaii he mentions the location as , which would put it very close to Clipperton Island, an uninhabited atoll owned by France.
In the episode "The Little Dictator", a man named Rodriquo legally names the island, "Equiriquo West", thus implying that the original Equiriquo was east of the island. Mr. Howell states in that episode that the name "Howell Hills" was previously suggested, though it was never suggested during an actual episode.
The music and lyrics for the theme song, "The Ballad of Gilligan’s Isle", were written by Sherwood Schwartz and George Wyle. One version was used for the first season and another for the second and third. In the original song, the Professor and Mary Ann were referred to as "and the rest". Actors Russell Johnson and Dawn Wells were originally considered "second-billed co-stars", but with the growing popularity of their characters, their names were inserted into the lyrics.[6][7][8] Wells has said that star Bob Denver went to the studio executives to get Johnson and herself added to the opening credits.[9] The studio originally refused, stating it would be too costly to re-shoot and re-score the opening. Denver pointed out that his contract stated he could have his name anywhere he wanted in the credits, so they could move it to the end credits along with Johnson and Wells. The studio capitulated. Wells said that Denver never mentioned this to anyone in the cast, and she did not find out about it until years after the show ended.
The first season version was recorded by The Wellingtons.
The second season version was uncredited, but according to Russell Johnson in his book Here on Gilligan's Isle, it was performed by a group called the Eligibles.
The show's original pilot episode featured a calypso theme song by future film composer John Williams, and different lyrics. The original length of the voyage was "a six-hour ride", not "a three-hour tour".[10] John Williams (or Johnny Williams as he was often listed in the show credits) also started out as the composer of the incidental music for the show (from 1964–1965) but was replaced by Gerald Fried for the remaining seasons (1965–1967).[11]
The band Little Roger and the Goosebumps recorded "Stairway to Gilligan's Island", a parody of Led Zeppelin's "Stairway to Heaven", substituting the words to the Gilligan's Island theme song.[12] "Weird Al" Yankovic recorded a song called Isle Thing about a rapper whose girlfriend introduces him to the show. Yankovic also used the lyrics from the closing theme in "Amish Paradise", a parody of Coolio's "Gangsta's Paradise". The song has also been covered by many bands, including Bowling for Soup for the TBS show The Real Gilligan's Island.[13]
Filming of the show took place at the CBS Radford Studios complex in Studio City, Los Angeles California.[14] The same stage was later used by The Mary Tyler Moore Show and Roseanne (which featured Gilligan's Island prominently on one episode). The lagoon was drained and used as a parking lot during the show's off-season and was the last surviving element of the show when it was demolished in 1997 as part of an expansion project.
Cave scenes were shot in Newport Beach, California, across from the southern tip of the Balboa Peninsula, in a park just off Ocean Boulevard. The rock jetties at the entrance of Newport Bay can be seen during the opening theme during the line "A 3-Hour Tour" as the Minnow heads out to sea. Also, the marina shown in the opening shot is the Alamitos Bay Marina in Long Beach, California.
Four different boats played the part of the S.S. Minnow. One was used in the opening credits and rented in Ala Wai Yacht Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii. Another boat, the Bluejacket, was used in the opening credits shown during the second and third seasons and eventually turned up for sale on Vancouver Island in August 2006, after running aground on a reef in the Hecate Strait on the way south from Alaska. One boat was used for beach scenes after being towed to Kauai in Hawaii. The fourth Minnow was built on the CBS Studios set in the second season.[15] The Minnow was named in reference to Newton Minow, chairman of the U.S. FCC, who was most famous for describing television as "a vast wasteland".[16]
The final day of filming of the scenes of the pilot episode was Friday, November 22, 1963, the day of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy.[17] The cast and crew found out about the assassination late that morning, Hawaii time.[18] Between the filming of scenes, they crowded around a radio, listening to news bulletins.[19] A reminder of the tragedy appears in the opening sequence of the show's first season, when the theme song is played. As the Minnow is leaving the harbor and heading out to sea, an American flag flying at half staff can be seen briefly in the background.[20][21]
The United States Coast Guard occasionally received telegrams from concerned citizens, who apparently did not realize it was a scripted show, pleading for them to rescue Gilligan and the other survivors. They would forward these telegrams on to producer Sherwood Schwartz.[22]
During the 1966–1967 season, Gilligan's Island was broadcast on Monday nights at 7:30 P.M. (E.S.T.) Even though the sitcom's ratings had fallen out of the top thirty programs, by the spring of 1967, the series was still doing very well and more than holding its own against its chief competitor, The Monkees, which aired at the same time on NBC-TV. Therefore, CBS assured Sherwood Schwartz that Gilligan's Island would definitely be picked up for a fourth year. However, under pressure from network president William S. Paley and his wife Babe, as well as many network affiliates and longtime fans of Gunsmoke (which had been airing late on Saturday nights), to reverse its threatened cancellation, CBS rescheduled the Western to an earlier time slot on Monday evenings at 7:30 P.M. As a result, Gilligan's Island was unceremoniously canceled at practically the last minute even though the cast members were all on vacation. Some of the cast had bought houses based on Sherwood Schwartz's verbal confirmation that the series would be renewed for a fourth season.[23]
The success of Gilligan's Island spawned a number of clones and spin-offs:
United Artists Television originally produced the series (in association with Phil Silvers' Gladasya Productions and CBS) and subsequently distributed it in syndication. UATV became MGM/UA Television in 1981 after United Artists merged with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
In 1986, Turner Broadcasting System attempted to purchase MGM/UA, but after amassing huge debt, sold most of the acquisition back, but kept the company's considerable library. This library, which would be managed by Turner Entertainment, included the pre-1986 MGM film and television library, the pre-1950[24][25] Warner Bros. films and short subjects, and US rights to much of the RKO Pictures library – in addition to this series.
Some years later, after Turner merged with Time Warner, Warner Bros. Television became responsible for the show's distribution, and continues to be today. The Silvers estate (successor-in-interest to Gladasya) retained its share of ownership (both Turner and the Silvers family now share the show's copyright).
The entire series has been released on DVD through corporate sibling Warner Home Video, and online via AOL's In2TV service. The program is virtually unknown in the United Kingdom – only thirteen episodes were ever shown there.
Williams produced a pinball machine based on the TV show in 1991.
Warner Home Video released all three seasons of Gilligan's Island on DVD in Region 1 between 2004–2005. The releases feature commentary by creator Sherwood Schwartz and cast members as well as trivia and featurettes. Warner Home Video has also released a Complete Series Box Set, gathering the individual seasons together in one package.
DVD Name | Episodes | Release date |
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The Complete 1st Season | 36 | February 3, 2004 |
The Complete 2nd Season | 32 | January 11, 2005 |
The Complete 3rd Season | 30 | July 26, 2005 |
The Complete Series Collection | 98 | November 6, 2007 |
Rights to the series were purchased, with an eye towards creating a movie scheduled for release March 30, 2012.[26] When Sherwood Schwartz, creator of Gilligan's Island, signed a deal giving all rights to the movie, he reportedly said, "[It] just happened in the last 48 hours. I can’t take this much excitement at my age." Sherwood Schwartz also said he would love to see Michael Cera as Gilligan and Beyoncé Knowles as Ginger.[27] Schwartz died on July 12, 2011. Whether the film will go on without him or not is unknown at this point.
The question of which one men prefer has endured long after the end of the series. By most accounts, the wholesome down-to-earth Mary Ann, has outpolled Ginger by a sizable vote. Bob Denver (AKA, Gilligan), agreed Mary Ann was prettier, and that when producers did polls, Mary Ann, always beat Ginger 4 to 1; meaning 4 out of every 5 people would say Mary Ann. Suprisingly, Mrs. Howell, has often been brought into the equation, and she herself has been known to beat Ginger, and occasionally Mary Ann. But, on the basis of the "Ginger or Mary Ann?" question, Mary Ann, has always outpolled Ginger. [28] [29][30][31] [28]
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